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Last Updated: 17 October 2021

International trade (“trade”), characterized as the worldwide exchange of goods and services (i.e., trade in goods (TIG) and trade in services (TIS))is a key driver of economic growth and overall development(Alvarez, Barbero, Rodríguez-Pose, & Zofío, 2018). As the World Bank (WB, 2018, para. 1) points out: “Countries that are open to international trade tend to grow faster, innovate, improve productivity and provide higher income and more opportunities to their people. Open trade also benefits lower-income households by offering consumers more affordable goods and services. Integrating with the world economy through trade and global value chains helps drive

Read more: DOLE's Role in Promoting Decent Work in Internation Trade: Institutional Mapping and Gap Analysis